Wendell berry, what are people for?

Wendell Berry’s expositions â€Å"What Are People For? † and â€Å"The Work of Local Culture† both look at the cultivating calling, which has as of late been disparaged as the provincial populace falls and huge â€Å"agribusiness† replaces littler family cultivates. Berry contends in the two pieces that cultivating isn't an obsolete way of life, yet a fundamental calling. In â€Å"What Are People For? † Berry examines the mass migration from ranch to city since World War II, crediting it to disappointments in agriculture.However, he can't help contradicting claims that bombed ranchers merit their parcel, or that the homestead populace has an enormous excess; he remarks that â€Å"It is obviously simple to state that there are such a large number of ranchers, in the event that one isn't a farmer† (123). Berry keeps up that â€Å"our farmland no longer has enough caretakers† (124) and that the provincial mass migration has hurt both urba n and rustic America the same. Agribusiness has hurt little ranchers as well as the dirt itself, and dislodged provincial individuals are not regularly consumed into the urban economy.Berry considers cultivating to be an essential occupation, which is required significantly more direly considering soil disintegration and other harm done to rich horticultural land. It isn't just a vocation or way of life, however an essential stewardship of nature. Cultivating is an ability, and very much oversaw ranches and sound soil are confirmation; agribusiness’ dependence on apparatus and damaging techniques might be â€Å"modern† in any case counterproductive. What individuals are for, he suggests, is to work and keep up the land.In â€Å"The Work of Local Culture,† Berry makes an increasingly evolved contention for human stewardship of farmland and cases that a â€Å"good nearby culture† of ranch individuals is required to play out this significant work. He sees ra nchers not just as a provincial occupant, however as talented experts better ready to oversee horticultural land than enormous organizations, since they have threaten, nitty gritty information on the land, from the climate to its regular procedures and its littlest traits. Land is getting quickly pillaged, and just proficient ranchers can cure this danger.â€Å"Practically speaking,† he composes, â€Å"human culture has no work more significant than this† (155). Ranchers structure the â€Å"local culture,† which he characterizes as â€Å"the history of the utilization of the spot and the information on how the spot might be lived in and used† (166). It depends less on cash than on network, shared information and encounters, and quickly evaporating aptitudes of dealing with the land. The nearby culture can and should instruct others in how to keep up and utilize ripe land, produce its own economy, and keep up its feeling of community.Farming is in excess o f an occupation, yet in addition a significant piece of a provincial lifestyle that is disappearing quickly (and ought not). Himself a rancher, Berry sees cultivating not just in monetary terms, yet nearly as a craftsmanship or specialty, requiring abilities and thoughtfulness regarding something other than financial matters. He doesn't set city in opposition to nation and contend for the latter’s predominance; rather, he sees their reliance and invests moderately little energy denouncing urbanites.He likewise thinks country occupants are themselves mostly to fault; they â€Å"connive in their own ruin . . . [and] permit their monetary and social norms to be set by TV and sales reps and outside experts† (157). Berry’s articles pass on the significance of cultivating as a business dedicated to thinking about the land and giving an establishment whereupon society is based. It includes more than essentially developing food or raising domesticated animals; it shapes the establishment of country networks and involves significant aptitudes required to keep land productive.In his view, agribusiness and current financial aspects are not a viable alternative for the abilities of a conventional rancher furnished with personal information on the land He doesn't belittle urban communities or innovation, leaning toward rather to immovably characterize and guard the agrarian lifestyle as the debilitated establishment of American culture †an establishment that direly needs fix. Berry, Wendell. What Are People For? San Francisco: North Point Press, 1990.

Immigration and Discrimination :: Race Racism Prejudice

     During the late 1800’s and into the 1900’s numerous individuals moved to the United States from Europe and Asia in anticipation of discovering thriving, and a superior life than the one they were driving in their old homes. Another explanation was the abrupt industrialization of Europe. (The change from little, farming based social orders to assembling economies was so fast and clearing that it got known as the Industrial Revolution.) With such a lot of happening so rapidly numerous individuals chose to come to America, yet when they showed up here they didn’t get what they anticipated. In excess of 12 million individuals moved through Ellis Island somewhere in the range of 1892 and 1924, the pinnacle long periods of the port. They came to America wanting to discover the â€Å"promise land† yet from their excursion till when they initially showed up in America wasn’t so encouraging. About the entirety of the outsiders confronted a horrendous excursion to the U.S, for example, sitting in steerage, not getting a great deal of food or legitimate clinical consideration, and being packed together in a little region. Alongside the awful conditions, the migrants additionally confronted numerous partialities and hardships as they showed up.      Upon showing up in Ellis Island, the settlers were given a physical assessment to see whether they were fit to live in the United States. In 1891, Congress made the INS, or Immigration and Naturalization Service to manage government laws managing affirmation, prohibition, and expulsion of outsiders. The mind greater part of workers, paying little mind to ethnicity, were exposed to separation. They were not given indistinguishable open doors from local conceived Americans regardless of whether they were similarly equipped for specific occupations.      Ellis Island however, wasn’t about as awful as its partner on the west coast, Angel Island. By and large on Ellis Island, migrants were prepared inside hours or days, yet on Angel Island it took weeks or even months. It before long transformed into a confinement community and as a result of its vicinity towards Asia it comprised for the most part of Asians, dominatingly of Chinese plummet.  â â â â Numerous laws and acts were ignored the course of quite a while when the migrants began separating in increasingly more so as to constrain the measure of individuals that originated from different nations. Quantities were set for the quantity of individuals going to the U.S. from a specific nation and a quantity was set for the absolute number of individuals that entered America. Individuals were terrified for their occupations and didn’t need additional individuals here to assume control over the land. Migration and Discrimination :: Race Racism Prejudice      During the late 1800’s and into the 1900’s numerous individuals moved to the United States from Europe and Asia in anticipation of discovering thriving, and a superior life than the one they were driving in their old homes. Another explanation was the unexpected industrialization of Europe. (The change from little, agribusiness based social orders to assembling economies was so fast and clearing that it got known as the Industrial Revolution.) With such an excess of happening so rapidly numerous individuals chose to come to America, however when they showed up here they didn’t get what they anticipated. In excess of 12 million individuals moved through Ellis Island somewhere in the range of 1892 and 1924, the pinnacle long periods of the port. They came to America planning to discover the â€Å"promise land† however from their excursion till when they previously showed up in America wasn’t so encouraging. About the entirety of the settlers confronted a horrible outing to the U.S, for example, sitting in steerage, not getting a great deal of food or appropriate clinical consideration, and being packed together in a little region. Alongside the terrible conditions, the outsiders likewise confronted numerous preferences and hardships as they showed up.      Upon showing up in Ellis Island, the foreigners were given a physical assessment to see whether they were fit to live in the United States. In 1891, Congress made the INS, or Immigration and Naturalization Service to regulate government laws managing confirmation, avoidance, and expelling of outsiders. The mind greater part of workers, paying little mind to ethnicity, were exposed to segregation. They were not given indistinguishable open doors from local conceived Americans regardless of whether they were similarly equipped for specific employments.      Ellis Island however, wasn’t about as terrible as its partner on the west coast, Angel Island. By and large on Ellis Island, workers were handled inside hours or days, however on Angel Island it took weeks or even months. It before long transformed into a confinement community and in light of its nearness towards Asia it comprised for the most part of Asians, dominatingly of Chinese drop.  â â â â Numerous laws and acts were ignored the course of quite a while when the workers began separating in increasingly more so as to constrain the measure of individuals that originated from different nations. Shares were set for the quantity of individuals going to the U.S. from a specific nation and a quantity was set for the all out number of individuals that entered America. Individuals were frightened for their occupations and didn’t need additional individuals here to assume control over the land.

how to spend a summer

how to spend a summer So summer kind of comes to an end today. Orientation starts next week, and then comes Rush and classes. Now, I will say this, I had an absolute blast this summer. So here goes my attempt at one of those guides like the professionals do on how to spend a summer in Boston. Now first off, I think one of the biggest reasons why I had such an awesome time was because I spent my summer with my friends. I dont really know how it happens, but when Im with my friends, I cannot help but have fun because we feed off of one anothers energy and just make sometimes the most seemingly boring things some of the most fun things ever. Now the following list of things to do is by no means expansive and there are probably a lot of things that Ive missed or forgotten about, so if you have any recommendations, feel free to leave comments. So the keyphrase, free stuff Boston works really well in the Google search form. In googling, we managed to find: free hot air balloon rides free movie tickets free vitamin water free barbecues free imax movies free museum tickets Some things that are great about a Boston summer are the Friday Free Flicks at the Hatch Shell, July 4th, museums, festivals, tryouts, etc. One thing I suggest is getting a T-Pass. During the semester, I dont plan on buying one, but this summer it made for a great resource. With my T-Pass, I was able to get on the T, miss a stop, get off at the wrong stop as much as I wanted. And the big plus, on Sundays I could bring a friend for free to play T-Pass Bingo which basically involves getting off at a random T-Stop and just seeing what was in the area. Also, another big thing about Boston/Cambridge is that summer is a great time to celebrate cultures, so often times, there will be a cultural celebration spotlighting free food among other things. Also, while it also often becomes a coaster for the coffee I pretend to drink, reading thin newspapers like the Boston Metro provided me with a lot of things to do like leavn about Busycles, for example. These newspapers are always giving away free tickets to events etc. Another big source of fun is sports. Going to the beach (Revere Beach is T-Accessible), learning how to sail for free, running along the Esplanade are also awesome things to do to pass the time. Another thing summer is good for is learning something new. This summer I learned to ballroom dance. I also managed to catch up on a lot of reading, the Copley Square Boston Public Library is hott (with two ts). With so much to do and only three months to do it, its easy to forget one of the most important things, SLEEP. Make sure you get some at least. There is a lot I left out as a lot of the things I did this summer I will continue to do this semester, but I hope you got the idea that summers in Boston can be a lot of fun. Rock On.

Morality, A Part Of Ethics - 1759 Words

Morality, a part of ethics is a debatable topic. The study of ethics called metaethics deals with what morality is and deals with the scope of moral values. The debate in metaethics about morality is on the existence of moral facts. Philosophers have different perspective on morality and have different views on moral values having a true/false value like scientific facts. Moral facts define morality as something that can have a truth value attached to it. Therefore, moral facts conclude that there are principles governing what is moral and what is not. However, there are philosophers like J. L. Mackie and Gilbert Harman, who do not believe in moral realism or that moral facts exist. Mackie does not believe in the general subjectivism that states that morality reports one’s emotions or attitudes. He believes in moral skepticism or second order moral subjectivism which means that there are no entities or relations or objective values of a certain kind (Mackie p. 778, 2016). Harm an believes that we cannot observe moral facts because morality cannot be treated like science where we can observe and conclude facts to be true. He believes that moral values are more like mathematics where we take something to be true not by observation, but because we know it is true (Harman p.793, 2016). On the other hand, there are philosophers like James Rachels who are against subjectivism in philosophy. Rachels believes that there are moral facts, but their truth value weighs on reason ratherShow MoreRelatedEthics : Ethics And Morality1476 Words   |  6 Pagesuniversal on ethics and morality. Ethics among different cultures is so vast, even though every culture does have a standard for ethics which they live by. Although ethics is a broad human universal, there is no specific universal ethic. Each world religion holds a different ethic as their highest ethic; it is always a case by case basis. Theory: Ethics serve as an adaptive function in modern environment, more than ever. As society evolves, the standard of ethics also increases. Ethics is a traitRead MoreCan Ethics Be Taught?1626 Words   |  7 PagesWhat are ethics? Ethics are the set beliefs and values of an individual which they apply to circumstances relating to morality. To act in an ‘ethical’ manner, an individual must display integrity by doing what they believe to be right. When working within any professional body, an individual will be subjected to circumstances in which personal ethics will come into play. The Accounting profession is no different as ethical questions arise as part of any working day and can effect how an individualRead MoreCan Ethics Be Taught? Essay examples1615 Words   |  7 PagesWhat are ethics? Ethics are the set beliefs and values of an individual which they apply to circumstances relating to morality. To act in an ‘ethical’ manner, an individual must display integrity by doing what they believe to be right. When working within any professional body, an individual will be subjected to circumstances in which personal ethics will come into play. The Accounting profession is no different as ethical questions arise as part of any working day and can effect how an individualRead MoreHenry : What Are You Doing? Essay976 Words   |  4 Pagesdifference between ethic and morality. This matter has been bothering me and I want to know your view about it. Henry: Socrates do you think there is any difference between ethics and morality? Socrates: Yes, but it seems the same to me my dear friend. Henry: â€Å"The most common way of defining ethics are norms for conduct that distinguish between acceptable and unacceptable behavior (Resnik, 2015).† It is doing unto others what you want them to do to you. It is the principle that guides morality. It helpsRead MoreEvolution Of Society s Social Values925 Words   |  4 Pagesthat something was seriously wrong.† (Shlichta). How civilization views and interprets ethics and morals changes as we advance with time; the importance of the morality is at a decline, and will continue on a downward spiral as civilization advances. What are morals? How can one define the meaning of morality? Often the answers of those questions could easily be found online. Dictionaries would define Morality as the â€Å"principles concerning the distinction between right and wrong or good and badRead MoreThe Distinction Of Ethics And Morality1307 Words   |  6 PagesThe Distinction Of Ethics And Morality: The use of the words ethics and morality are often confused with each other especially these are commonly used in Philosophy and other related fields. This paper will discuss the distinction between these two concepts. According to Gammel (2007), the difference between the terms morality and ethics has a very thin line particularly in the daily language. Adding to this confusion is that other philosophical resources and materials use the terms interchangeablyRead MoreInformation Communication Technology Ethics823 Words   |  4 PagesInformation and Communication Technology Ethics | Reflections | This document contains the reflections on all topics and lectures taught in the class mentioned above. | | Reflection (1) Philosophy amp; Ethics; â€Å"allows us to breakout of prejudices and harmful habits that we held since we were too young or too naà ¯ve to know better†. Also allows us to see and appreciate other views of the world and study it to see â€Å"the consequences of our views†, because what we think amp; know might notRead MoreImmanuel Kant And Kant On Morality1097 Words   |  5 Pagesdefinition of morality is the rules for right action and prohibitions against wrong acts. Sometimes morality is the single set of absolute rules and prohibitions that are valid for all men at all times and all societies. More loosely, a morality can be any set of ultimate principles, and there may be any number of moralities in different societies. Examples would be don’t cheat, don’t steal, and treat others as you would want to be treated. When dealing with the philosophers take on morality, there areRead MoreThe Relationship Between Religion and Ethics Essay972 Words   |  4 PagesTo answer this question, we must first understand what both ethics and morality are. As ethics is defined as the philosophical study of morality, those who study religion get their moral precepts from what they believe God says should be done. This perspective is not at all unexpected, because all religions apply a perspective on morality. Morality is defined as beliefs concerning right and wrong, good and bad- beliefs that can include judgements, values, rules, principles, and theories. Morals areRead MoreMorality via Kant and Hegel1712 Words   |  7 Pagesabstract explanations ever given for the common intuitions of morality (Scruton 2001, 73). With the metaphysical dual-ism claimed by his Transcendental Idealism as his cornerstone, Kant argued that Reason – to him a defining and immutable trait of human nature – allows for the derivation of formal and universally valid moral princip-les. His famous derivation of these, the Categorical Imperative, tantaliz ing promises an Archimedean point to morality: The moral standpoint from which one can always judge apodictically

Building a Coalition - 1499 Words

WEEK 3: Case Study Building a Coalition Leadership Organizational Behavior : MGMT 591-65531 PART I: Group Development At this point in time, the group is not yet even development. It almost seems as if all the individual organizations are storming because they want to make sure that each one of their opinions is heard, and they have control of the situation. No one wants to give up their own power or control. They have started off correctly as it is stated in the case that HR representatives from each organization have been selected to pick individuals from each organization that they feel will have the best impact and will be proficient leaders. The individuals chosen need to understand the stages of group†¦show more content†¦Developing a coherent plan will be the biggest struggle incorporating everyone’s opinions as much as possible and trying to please everyone at the same time will be the additional struggle. The plan will have to be easy enough to follow so that it can be implemented as quickly as possible now and slowly change as time goes on. It will be easier for students to adjust to the smaller changes over a longer course of time, than having their worlds turned upside down all at once. Also implementing changes a little at a time will help teachers to adjust and keep up their motivation and not be burnt out too quickly as students will be less resistant to small changes. This will also help with training new staff members as they come in. Having a handbook to guide further changes will help to continue moving the project forward in further years, and keep up with the progress of changed making sure the project stays successful and is not just a quick fix. PART III: Retrospective Evaluation The primary problems will be the power struggle and diversity will also play a role in this power struggle, and who relates best to the students. Also another issue will be making sure that the individual organizations feel that they are being equally represented, and heard. Each individual has their own struggles and comes from different backgrounds, we cannot judge what we have not gone through and cannot say how it affects that individual.Show MoreRelatedBuilding a Coalition Essay1739 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Case Study Student Name Student e-mail MGMT591 Leadership and Organizational Behavior Professor Russell Wright January 26th   2014 Part I: Group Development After reading the case study â€Å"Building a Coalition† I think that within the five-stage group-development model described in our textbook the group involved in the case is somewhere between   the forming stage and storming stage, I can see signs of both stages at the same time. The textbook says that during the formingRead MoreWhat Building A Coalition Means1149 Words   |  5 PagesIn this Case Study we deal with several different issues. First we must define what building a coalition means. Coalition can be defined as a group or groups of people joined together for a common purpose. Building a Coalition in this case study simply means persons coming together (Washington D.C. school district and Woodson Foundation) to be on one accord for the betterment of the students in Washington, D.C. Public school system. There are several issues with the Washington D.C. public schoolRead MoreA Research Study On Building A Coalition Essay975 Words   |  4 PagesBuilding a Coalition In this case study we are managing a couple distinctive issues. The Washington, DC. Government funded educational system, generally as most educational systems, has seen a decrease in understudy execution over the later past. A multitude of issues range from truancy, low understudy execution and criminal actions. Exactly when another, cutting-edge educator or employee arrives, they lean to wear away as they are met with unforgiving circumstances in the classroom. This reportRead MoreCase Study : Building A Coalition853 Words   |  4 PagesCase Study – Building a Coalition Group Development There are five stages of group development, also known as the Tuckman’s Model, which are forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning (Robbins Judge, 2014, p. 246). The initial stage of forming occurs when the team initially comes together and is establishing its foundation, team members, and understanding the boundaries and parameters (Robbins Judge, 2014, p. 246). The next stage, storming, is where conflict exists (Robbins JudgeRead MoreCase Study: Building a Coalition Essay1192 Words   |  5 PagesMGMT 591 11/9/2014 Case Study: Building a Coalition Dr. Anne Hallcom Case Study: Building a Coalition for Woodson Foundation The Woodson Foundation, a large nonprofit social service agency, is teaming up with the public school system in Washington, D.C, to improve student outcomes. It appears the schools have problems with truancy, low student performance and crime. The teachers are discouraged to help students due to the disrespect and behavioral issues in the classroom. The turnoverRead MoreCase Study for Building a Coalition for Woodson Foundation1075 Words   |  5 PagesCase Study for Building a Coalition for Woodson Foundation. The Woodson Foundation, a large nonprofit social service agency is teaming up with the public school system in Washington D.C. to improve student outcomes. There’s ample room for improvement. The schools have problems with truancy, low student performance, and crime. New staff quickly burn out as their initial enthusiasm for helping students is blunted by the harsh realities they encounter in the classroom. Turnover among new teachersRead MoreSense Of Urgency : Building A Powerful Guiding Coalition942 Words   |  4 Pagesinto your ideas. Kotter suggests, â€Å"spend significant time and energy building urgency, before moving onto the next steps. Do not panic and jump in too fast because you don t want to risk further short-term losses† (Mindtools, 2016). Step 2: Building a Powerful Guiding Coalition Having a strong leadership team and reliable support system is important when guiding change. To lead change, you need to bring together a coalition, or team, of influential people whose power comes from a variety of sourcesRead MoreMgmt 591 Case Study 3 Building Coalitions 2226 Words   |  9 PagesCase Study 3: Building a Coalition Keller Graduate School of Management MGMT 591: Leadership and Organizational Behavior March 22, 2015 CASE STUDY 3: BUILDING A COALITION !1 Part 1: Group Development The five-stage group-development model consists of: forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning. (Robbins 275) 1. Forming stage. In this first stage, the team is getting to know each other, their backgrounds, work experience, and learning about their strengths and weaknesses. InformalRead MoreBuilding Strange Bedfellows : Indiana Housing And Community Development Coalition1645 Words   |  7 PagesBuilding Strange Bedfellows – Indiana Housing and Community Development Coalition Toward the end of the 2015 meeting of the Indiana General Assembly (â€Å"Session†), it became evident that a few advocacy organizations were seemingly misinformed and disconnected from IHCDA policy positions. Rather than addressing these issues individually, IHCDA seized the opportunity to develop a much broader working group of advocates and experts that are connected to housing and community development in Indiana. AfterRead MoreBuilding Coalitions And Establishing Arenas For Negotiating Differences Into Workable Pacts2306 Words   |  10 Pagesorganization can sometimes be inevitable. For some personnel in an organization, change can lead to a positive or negative perspective. It is suggested that â€Å"successful change requires an ability to frame issues, politically, confronting conflict, building coalitions and establishing arenas for negotiating differences into workable pacts† (Bolman Deal, 2013). There is always a mission for every organization, the courtho use also has it s mission, and it is as follows: The Superior Court of California,

Night Creature Dark Moon Chapter Thirty-Three Free Essays

The wind suddenly whispered in Lydia’s voice. He’ll do anything to keep me from sharing his secret. I remembered another time, another place, another message. We will write a custom essay sample on Night Creature: Dark Moon Chapter Thirty-Three or any similar topic only for you Order Now Had the voice been Lydia’s? I didn’t think so. How many voices were there? I glanced at Edward, but he was oblivious to any whispers on the wind. Which was probably the entire idea. I opened my mouth to call out to him and the trees murmured: I’ll tell you the truth about your mother. My teeth closed with an audible snap. I knew the truth about my mother. Didn’t I? â€Å"What about Lydia?† I blurted. â€Å"Kill her.† â€Å"Sir?† I blinked. â€Å"She’s a – â€Å" â€Å"Murderer? Witch?† â€Å"We shoot monsters, don’t we?† â€Å"You do not think she is a monster?† I wasn’t sure. â€Å"Shouldn’t we find out what she’s done and how to undo it?† I asked. â€Å"If she’s dead that could be tough.† â€Å"Do what I tell you, Elise. Or must I use that silver bullet I keep solely for you?† Nic made an involuntary movement of denial, which Edward ignored. I kept my gaze on my boss. My eyes narrowed; so did his. I was half-tempted to shift and chase him around the yard; too bad it was daytime. Too bad he’d kill me without so much as a bat of his nearly invisible blond eyelashes. See? said the breeze through the leaves. He doesn’t want you to know. I glanced away. I might be an alpha wolf, but in the human world, Edward was king. Besides, with him hanging around, I’d never find out if what I’d been told about my mother was the truth. If Lydia could be trusted to tell the truth. Probably not. Nevertheless, I found myself sympathizing with Eve in her garden. Ail that knowledge just waiting in a tree – all she had to do was listen to Satan. The wind fluttered the ends of my hair, the silence so loud it pulsed with unanswered questions. When I looked back, both Edward and Nic were gone, so I chose a weapon, shut the trunk of the Cadillac, and headed in the direction of the voice – conveniently in the opposite direction of the others. I had my orders. Despite my unease about killing Lydia, I’d killed people before. Just not with a gun. Besides, who knew? Maybe eliminating Lydia would also eliminate the witchie wolves she’d raised and the coming Armageddon. Two birds, one stone. I’d always loved that. I followed the wind. Every time I hesitated the breeze murmured, drawing me farther and farther away from the cabin and closer and closer to – Coming around a crop of low spruce bushes, I slid to a stop at the edge of the ravine. The scent of wolves washed over me, so strong I could distinguish it even in human form. I paced back and forth until I found an opening big enough for a woman instead of a wolf, then inched through the brambles. Peeking over the rim as I’d done once before, I discovered nearly a dozen ghost wolves lolling on a grassy knoll. The witchie wolves were werewolves, down to the human eyes. No longer shadows, they weren’t solid either, since I could see the grass right through their hides. â€Å"I’ve been waiting.† I spun toward Lydia’s voice, half-expecting to find nothing but the rustle of a nonexistent breeze through the trees. But she stood a few feet away in a flowing skirt and peasant blouse of muted colors – violets beneath a spring rain, the sky just before a storm. All of her bangles – wrists, ankles, feet – were in place. How had she snuck up on me? She must be able to appear as easily as she disappeared. She held a gun in one hand, which looked suspiciously like the one I’d chosen from Edward’s car. Glancing at my holster, I saw she’d disarmed me as easily as she’d snuck up on me. Edward would have a stroke. Lydia tossed my weapon into trees, then lowered two fingers into the valley between her breasts and withdrew the icon, strung on a leather strip around her neck. â€Å"Remember this?† I nodded. â€Å"You hand over the power; I’ll tell you all about your mother. What do you say?† I wasn’t going to agree, especially since I had no idea how I could hand over anything. But if she was inclined to chat, I was inclined to ask questions. â€Å"You made the talisman,† I murmured. â€Å"Why?† â€Å"To steal your magic.† She rolled the icon around in her ringers. â€Å"But you’re stronger than I imagined.† â€Å"How could that thing steal my power when lycan-thropy’s caused by a virus?† â€Å"Is it?† â€Å"Yes.† Her smile was secretive, smug, and I stifled the urge to beat every tidbit of information out of her. All in good time. â€Å"Cora told me I could capture the essence of a werewolf, contain it in the icon and transfer the gift to myself.† â€Å"I never heard of such a thing.† If I had, I’d have bottled up my magic and given it away long ago. â€Å"You’ve been barking up the wrong tree, pardon the pun, for a while now. Concentrating all your efforts on science: tonics, balms, cures. But there’s more than one answer to every question.† â€Å"Is lycanthropy caused by a virus or isn’t it?† â€Å"Both. Mengele manufactured a virus through magic.† Which was interesting, but didn’t really help me much with the cure. â€Å"If you wanted to become a werewolf,† I murmured, â€Å"all you had to do was ask one of your pals.† â€Å"As if I wanted to be insane, ruled by the moon and my rumbling, blood-seeking belly.† Lydia grimaced. â€Å"I want the power without the demon. That’s what the old one promised.† â€Å"And then you killed her?† â€Å"Well, I didn’t need her anymore,† she said matter-of-factly. I had news for Lydia. She was already a stark raving lunatic, even without the demon. â€Å"How was the talisman supposed to capture my power?† â€Å"I don’t know how, only that it would. Cora did some mumbo jumbo, told me to purify the talisman with the blood of a sacrifice, and when you changed the first time after touching the icon, your abilities would leave you and fill it.† She scowled at the plastic wolf. â€Å"The bitch double-crossed me. Instead of stealing the magic, she made you stronger.† Bless the old woman I’d never met, had she given me the ability to defeat her own murderer? I had to think so, if I could only figure out how. â€Å"So now I’ve got to kill you,† Lydia continued. â€Å"Whoa! What? Why?† â€Å"Cora said sacrifice. I didn’t realize she meant you. I should have.† Well, she was delusional. Who knows, maybe she was even right. However, since I’d come to Fairhaven, I kind of liked my power. Even if I didn’t, I certainly wasn’t going to give it to her. â€Å"If you didn’t want me dead in Montana, then who blew up the compound? Who tried to shoot me with silver?† Maybe if we kept talking, I’d stumble over something I could use. â€Å"The idiot werewolves.† She shook her head in disgust. â€Å"Sometimes I swear only morons are bitten. They really do need a leader.† She glanced at the forest as if searching for someone, then gave an impatient huff before turning back tome. â€Å"I sold the information about your true nature before I figured out how I could use it to my advantage. Some ambitious werewolf decided to make everyone happy by eliminating you.† â€Å"What the hell did I do?† â€Å"Who knows when you might stumble onto a cure, and then their fun is over.† She waved her hand. â€Å"But I discovered their plot, and I saved you.† â€Å"Saved me,† I repeated stupidly. â€Å"I knew you’d come outside to check on your wolves, so I upset them.† My eyes narrowed. I opened my mouth, then shut it again, deciding I didn’t want to know what she’d done. â€Å"You came out; the bomb went off – â€Å" â€Å"Then someone took a shot at me.† â€Å"He’d have gotten you, too, but I bumped him.† She winked. â€Å"He never saw me coming.† â€Å"Okay.† This was all making a sick sort of sense. â€Å"Then – â€Å" â€Å"The idiot got spooked by your FBI friend and took off. I heard you say you were going to the shed, so I killed the rabbit, planted the icon – â€Å" â€Å"And the rest is history.† â€Å"Except the damn thing didn’t work.† She stared into the hokey jeweled eyes. â€Å"Yet.† Lydia pocketed the totem. â€Å"Once I figured out Cora had double-crossed me, I headed for Fairhaven so I could regroup before you got here.† â€Å"How did you know I’d come?† â€Å"The compound’s dust; someone’s trying to kill you; traitor in the ranks; strange and bizarre occurrences in Fairhaven.† I started to see where Lydia was headed. This had been a setup from the beginning. How to cite Night Creature: Dark Moon Chapter Thirty-Three, Essay examples

Management of Organization

Question: Discuss about theManagement of Organization. Answer: Introduction: Sports direct started as a single store located in Maidenhead, which was founded by mike Ashley in the year 1982. Eventually, the company has not only became the largest sports retailer as far as the revenue and profit is concerned but also owns a huge number of lifestyle, sports and fashion brands that are famous worldwide. They have around 420 stores in the United Kingdom. out of the 420 stores, majority of them under the trademark of Sportsdirect.com. The premium lifestyles division currently operates in 130 stores in the United Kingdom and the stores operate under the trademarks of USC, Flannels, Van Mildert and Cruise (Sportsdirect.com 2016). The international presence of Sports Direct is also commendable. Sports Direct has retails store that is entirely owned by them, joint ventures with various retailers and have their products in stores that are owned by other retailers. In the 19 European countries, there are 270 stores of Sports Direct. However, the strategy of Sports Direct is not to stop and keep on growing and developing. The current strategy of Sports Direct is to expand in the EEA countries in the coming three to five years (Markets.ft.com 2016). The marketing strategy of sport direct is not limited to the brick and mortar stores. Their online presence is also strong and they deliver the products to the doorstep of the individuals. The mission and vision of Sports Direct is to become the leading lifestyle and sports retailer in the market of the United Kingdom as well as internationally. Sports Direct aims at sustainable growth of the shareholders by delivering the customers with high quality products and products of the leading brands (sportsdirectplc.com 2016). They aim to grow by increasing their efficiency, effectiveness and the capacity of the operations to satisfy the customers. The mission statement of Sports Direct is to provide customers with high quality sports clothes and equipments at an affordable price and give unmatched customer service (the Guardian 2016). Some of the values of sports direct are: To work as a single team Plan for future success Strive to lead in the business as well as help in energizing other people Do things in ethical manner Create a good impression on the customers as well as in the market Satisfying the customers Deliver proper results The values of the company and then development of the employees has helped in high performance of the company and high reward for the company that has helped in achieving success for the organization. References Markets.ft.com. 2016.Sports Direct International PLC, SPD:LSE summary - FT.com. [online] Available at: https://markets.ft.com/data/equities/tearsheet/summary?s=SPD:LSE [Accessed 4 Sep. 2016]. Sportsdirect.com, 2016.About Us | SportsDirect.com. [online] Sportsdirect.com. Available at: https://www.sportsdirect.com/customerservices/otherinformation/aboutus [Accessed 4 Sep. 2016]. sportsdirectplc.com, 2016.Annual Report Accounts 2016. 1st ed. [ebook] Available at: https://www.sportsdirectplc.com/~/media/Files/S/Sports-Direct/annual-report/2016-annual-report-accounts.pdf [Accessed 4 Sep. 2016]. the Guardian, 2016.Sports Direct International | Business | The Guardian. [online] the Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/business/sports-direct-international [Accessed 4 Sep. 2016].

The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber free essay sample

I focused on the question, what made his life short and happy. At first I took the interpretation of short and happy literally, translating too, living a short life (age) and happy meaning (wealth). After some thought though I realize that Hemingway meant something entirely different. Francis Macomber in the beginning of the short story is a â€Å"coward† causing his wife to loath him, and even the staff to judge and question his manhood. Finally Francis overcomes his cowardly behavior and finally â€Å"lives. â€Å"You know I don’t think I’d ever be afraid of anything again†¦Something happened in me after we first saw the buff and started after him. Like a dam bursting. It was pure excitement. † It is at this moment that I think Francis begins to live life, while simultaneously become happy as he has just overcome his cowardliness. Moments later his wife (accidently? ) shoots him†¦ Whether or not it was an accident is up for discussion, but tha t is what I think Hemingway meant when he titled his short story, â€Å"The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber. We will write a custom essay sample on The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † Now†¦ Did his wife kill him on purpose or was it actually an accident. This kind of confused me because I feel like I can argue both sides, however, I feel like the stronger argument is her intentionally killing her husband for the reasons below†¦ She could of intentionally done it because of her attitude and actions prior to killing him. First off she was giving him crap about being a coward, and on top of that, I think she also slept with Wilson since unlike her husband he is not a coward. This was never actually stated but that’s how I inferred it. Also, moments before the gunshot, Macomber at one point looks back at her and waves, she, with the rifle besides her does not wave back. Even though love is a missing component in their relationship, she would of waved back if she was feeling in control of the situation but now that Macomber is fearless he has control. I think she feels bitter and needs to retaliate because of this, thus why she pulls the trigger and â€Å"accidently† shoots him. Wilson in the end also says, â€Å"He would of left you too,† so maybe she also did it, because she, like Wilson also knew that.

Police Management Essays Essays

Police Management Essays Essays Police Management Essays Essay Police Management Essays Essay Paul Liedkie Essays The Division of labor in a law enforcement agency is broken up between the officers, sergeants, captains, lieutenants, and chiefs. Officers generally do most of the routine traffic stops and grunt work, while the higher up the ladder the more influential the work is inside the department. The Sergeants also sometimes are in the public doing routine grunt work, but are usually strictly in the department stations. Chiefs seldom become involved in low level policing, staying mostly to the popular crime found in the headlines, only become active in the public when necessary. Normally they are the ones who go to the public, with the discretion of the Media consultant. The Broken Window Theory is the theory that states if there are buildings that appear to be broken or run down, there is more likely to be crime in that area. This is assumed because they believe that people act differently around places that they do not necessarily respect as much. It is thought that people will not communicate with police, or it would be very limited and not helpful. One level of management is Top Level, or the CEOs, Chiefs of Police, and Sheriff’s. They are the top dog of management. They are responsible to be in charge of keeping the â€Å"big picture† in mind and focusing on the long term goals of the organization. They are in charge of creating the organizations charter, and enforcing its bylaws. Most of their time is devoted to solving others problems. The next level down from the Top Level is the Middle Management. This is where the Captains and Lieutenants of the department are found. They develop the plans, review reports, make recommendations of the reports, oversee equipment and records, and prepare schedules. They are the link between the First Level and the Top Level of management. They control the ultimate organization of the whole group. At the bottom level are the First Line, who are the Sergeants. They have the responsibility to make sure work is done during the shift. They are the ones closest to the officers in the field and therefore have to keep them in line. They are not always liked by the other officers, but whether they like it or not they have to listen to them because they are in a position of power and can affect the job. They manage line personnel, maintain discipline, perform role call, enforce rules and regulations, and manage field operations.

Alcohol abuse is a serious problem among many young people Essay

Alcohol abuse is a serious problem among many young people - Essay Example Statistics show that almost 64% of the high school students say that they have been drunk at least once. Among youth between the ages 12 to 17, 77% (Spear, pp. 71-81) say that they have had at least one serious problem related to drinking in the past year. The teenagers who engage in this problem suffer in various aspects of their life. Teenagers having drinking problems suffer in their education. They tend to skip school and their classes and their performance level starts going down as the problem increases. This is because their attention span towards anything goes down and hence their performance decreases. Another problem that arises is that of drunk driving and the number of accidents and deaths caused by it. Statistics show that underage drinking and alcohol use is more likely to kill youngsters compared to illegal drugs. Motor vehicle accidents are one of the leading causes of deaths of youth between the ages of 15 and 20. The rate of these accidents is much more for teenager s between ages of 16 to 20 rather than 20 years and above (Spear, pp. 71-81). Another problem is that of suicide. After depression and stress, alcohol abuse is the third factor causing young people to commit suicide for children between 14 and 25. Sexual assaults and rapes are also becoming increasingly common as an effect of alcohol abuse.

Dissertation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Dissertation - Essay Example There are several ways by which such developments are undertaken and one such technique is merger and acquisition. Merger and acquisition is a concept in which two or more companies’ works together in the market. This study seeks to scrutinize the impact of merger and acquisition on a company. The company chosen is PTT Global Chemical Company based on Thailand. The study revealed that the company has been both positively as well as negatively affected by the merger and acquisition activity. However, in order to deal with the negative impacts the study recommended strategies by which the company can overcome the same. Table of Contents Table of Contents 3 Chapter I – INTRODUCTION 6 1.1 Background of the Study 6 1.2 Introduction to Merger and Acquisition 7 1.3 Background of PTT Global Chemical Company 8 1.4 Relevance and Importance of the Study 9 1.5 Aim of the Study 9 1.6 Research Objectives and Research Questions 9 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 10 2.1 Introduction 10 2.2 Definition of merger and acquisition 10 2.3 Classification of merger & acquisition 12 2.4 Global M&A activity levels and Regional trends 14 2.5 The impact of Economic Climate against M&A activities 15 2.6 Rationale for M&A and motivations 17 2.7 The impact of M&A on companies 18 2.8 Benefits & Drawbacks of M&A 19 2.9 Types of strategies for M&A 22 CHAPTER 3 – RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 23 3.1 Introduction 23 3.2 Research Philosophy 23 3.3 Research Approach 24 3.4 Type of Research 24 3.4.1 Quantitative Research 24 3.4.2 Qualitative Research 25 3.5 Data Collection Method 26 3.5.1 Sampling 27 3.5.2 Data Collection Instruments 27 3.6 Data Analysis 28 3.7 Ethics in Research 28 3.8 Justification 28 CHAPTER 4 – FINDINGS & ANALYSIS 29 4.1 Findings and Analysis of Primary Research 29 4.2 Findings and Analysis of Secondary Research 31 Chapter 5 – Discussion 32 Chapter 6 – Conclusion and Recommendations 33 6.1 Conclusion 33 6.2 Recommendations 34 Reference List 36 Append ix 44 Chapter I – INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study Once upon a time, the subject of merger and acquisition was especially the area of experts in the industrial origination. However, following the two upheavals, this territory was lost. The first change took place in the form of shift towards diversifying mergers and move away from the traditional combined competing or vertically relating the companies (â€Å"in the United States; less in other industrial countries†). The second change occurred in the form of development of â€Å"event studies† (â€Å"a method of inferring the profitability of mergers ex ante from changes in stock-market values at the time when the transaction is announced†) (Caves, 1987, p.150). Hence, from the above discussion it is evident that the concept of merger and acquisition underwent a drastic shift since these two upheavals took place. Earlier studies have shown that merger and acquisition have been responsible for incr easing the social welfare, augmenting the value of the assets of the firms involved into merger or acquisition (Agrawal, Jaffe and Mandelker, 1992; Augustine, 1995). The notion of merger coincided with history long back during the year 1708 (Caves, 1989; Franks, Harris and Titman, 1991; Franks and Harris, 1989). For example, during this period the East India Company merged with one of its erstwhile competitors for the principal purpose of restoring its monopoly in the Indian trade environment. In the similar way, the year 1784 experienced the two Italian giant banks Monte Pio and Monte dei Paschi united to form

Performance Appraisal: Textile Sector

Performance Appraisal: Textile Sector The present study was under taken with such a task in mind and it aims at unearthing the strengths and weakness of the current performance appraisal system in textile industry Coimbatore that is prevalent in the organization that sponsored this research work. Since organizations exist to achieve goals. The degree of success that individual employees have in reaching their individuals goals is important in determining organizational effectiveness. The assessment of how successful employees have been at meeting their individual goals, therefore, becomes a critical part of Human Resource Management. This leads us to the topic of Performance Appraisal. This project aims at knowing Performance Appraisal System in this research has studied the work atmosphere and the welfare measures provided by the organization. It also aims at finding out the employees relationship with the management. This survey is done within the organization. The sample size is 110. The data was collected by administering questionnaire and by adopting direct personal contact method. The persons met are all employees of the industry. Collections of data were analyzed and tabulated in a sequential manner and the interpretations are given along with the tabulation. The conclusion observations are also given in this report for the improvement of this system in the organization. Key Words: Appraiser, Self reliant, Appraisal, Judgmental, Distributive, Interactional INTRODUCTION The performance appraisal plays a vital role in identifying the productivity of workers; it also helps the company for its overall growth. It is the systematic evaluation of the performance of employees and to understand the abilities of a person for further growth and development. Performance appraisal is generally done in systematic ways which are as follows, the supervisors measure the pay of employees and compare it with targets and plans, the supervisor analyses the factor behind work performance of employees, and the employees are in the position to guide the employees for a better performance. In India, Textile Industry is one of the oldest and foremost industries and it provides tremendous opportunities for employment and huge amount as revenue. The Indian Government is also playing a major role in promoting the textile industries. Cotton is the most popular fiber and used to make clothing. Textile Industry is providing one of the most basic needs of people and it hold import ance. Maintain sustained growth for improving quality of life. It has a unique position as a self-reliant industry, from the production of raw materials to the delivery of finished products, with substantial value-addition at each stage of processing; it is a major contribution to the countrys economy. TEXTILE INDUSTRY IN COIMBATORE: Coimbatore is called the South Indian Manchester. The climate in Coimbatore city is very favorable for the development of textile industries. The easy availability of raw materials, sufficient skilled laborers, humid and soft wind prevailing in Coimbatore district are the other major factors for the development of the textile industry in Coimbatore. There are 98 textile firms in Coimbatore district in which few of the industry are taken into account for the study on the same. India has abundant natural resources in terms of availability of natural fibers like cotton, silk, wool etc. India is the third largest producer of cotton in the world and accounts for about 12% of the total world production. The availability of cheap cotton has been one of the biggest advantages to Indian exporters. OBJECTIVES To study about the employees opinion about performance appraisal. To gain practical knowledge about the various factors that forms part of performance appraisal To study about how they view the present appraisal method To provide opportunities for the employees to express their ideas REVIEW OF LITERATURE: Mowday, R.T., Steers, R.M., Porter, L.M. 1979 an employees perception of justice in the performance appraisal process will also affect the effectiveness of the performance appraisal process. Justice is thought to have three categories, procedural, distributive, and interactional justice. In a performance appraisal setting, a lack of justice in one area is predicted to have the same effect as a violation of justice in all areas. If an employee perceives that the system processes are fair, the supervisors efforts to distribute rewards and punishments based on outcomes of the process, and that the employee is treated fairly, the employees perception of justice will be high. Craig Eric Schneier and Richard W. Beatty, July 1979 Despite its standard practice in most public and private organizations for more than 50 years, performance appraisal still has many problems. Raters show resistance to criticizing subordinates, and the judgmental aspect of evaluating human performance is subject to both covert (subjective and individual) and overt (prejudice and bias) errors. Raters often arent trained in employee counseling and may be forced to conduct performance appraisals with inadequate or erroneous information about rate performance. American Institutes for Research, Washington, D.C.: AIR, 1979 In a 1984 study in New England, 16 raters (Extension administrators designated by their state Extension director as having agent performance appraisal responsibility) completed EABRARS on 141 rural New England Extension agents.5 Reliability analysis of the total ratings indicated that EABRARS was an internally consistent, highly reliable instrument. Differences between New England agents were detected at the .05 confidence level with respect to age, subject-matter area, years of experience, and state of employment. Nemeroff Wexley, 1979 study shows that employees are likely to feel more satisfied with their appraisal result if they have the chance to talk freely and discuss their performance. It is also more likely that such employees will be better able to meet future performance goals. Employees are also more likely to feel that the appraisal process is fair if they are given a chance to talk about their performance. This especially, when they are permitted to challenge and appeal against their evaluation. Proper feedback has to be given about their performance to the appraises. Robert M. Guion, the State of the Art, November 5-6, 1982, pp. 3-4Twenty years ago, nearly all civil servants in the central government of OECD member countries were paid according to service-incremental salary scales. This is not to say that civil servants previously lacked performance incentives. Promotions, and especially those into senior management, were rigorously controlled, serving partly as an incentive but partly also as a way of ensuring the independence of the public service with regard to the executive and thus its ability to serve governments of different political persuasions. Remuneration has been seen as an alternative or a complementary incentive to promotion. Socio-economic pressures have led to the need for types of incentives other than promotion to strengthen performance management. Craig Eric Schneier and Richard W. Beatty, May 1988 To try to rectify some of the problems, Smith and Kendall developed Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales, better known as BARS. The BARS format deals with measurable behaviors, not personality, provides raters and rates with clear statements of performance goals, and is based on a specific, thorough job analysis. Using BARS, raters focus on specific rate behaviors. These behaviors are compared to specific examples (job dimensions and anchors developed from the job analysis) that provide concrete benchmarks for making appraisal judgments. BARS are mainly used to measure the behaviors of rates. Dulewicz (1989), a basic human tendency to make judgments about those one is working with, as well as about oneself. Appraisal, it seems, is both inevitable and universal. In the absence of a carefully structured system of appraisal, people will tend to judge the work performance of others, including subordinates, naturally, informally and arbitrarily. This study, by Heneman, Greenberger Anonyou (1989) reported that in groupers are subordinates who seem to be favored by their supervisors. In their relationship with the boss, they enjoy a high degree of trust, interaction, support and rewards. Tsui, A.S. OReilly, C.A. 1989 most studies focus on the performance appraisal where the supervisor evaluates his or her employees. In this paper, based upon two research projects, we look at both sides of the coin. In one study subordinates evaluated their supervisors, in the other one the focus was upon supervisors perception of their subordinates. The contribution aims to determine whether age-related stereotyping plays a significant role in performance appraisals. In both studies, it was determined whether the assesses age is negatively related with the assessors view on his or her competencies. Age is taken into consideration for appraisal rating in the above study. Longenecker (1989) argues that accuracy in performance appraisal is impossible to achieve, since people play social and political games, and they protect their own interests. No savvy manager, says Longenecker, is going to use the appraisal process to shoot himself or herself in the foot.Accuracy in performance appraisal is a major drawback to the system. Recent research (Bannister Balkin, 1990) has reported that appraisees seem to have greater acceptance of the appraisal process, and feel more satisfied with it, when the process is directly linked to rewards. Such findings are a serious challenge to those who feel that appraisal results and reward outcomes must be strictly isolated from each other. Rewards and work performance are directly linked with each other. METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY: The study was more of a descriptive in nature and it was the survey research design that was used in, by taking a sample of elements at one point of time. The researcher adopted this type of research design to systematically gather the information from the respondents for the purpose of understanding and predicting some aspects concerned with the performance appraisal system in their organization. The sample unit of the study was 110 employees of Textile Company in Coimbatore Primary data: Primary data has been collected through a structured questionnaire. Secondary data: Secondary data has been collected from the books, journals, project reports and Internet. Data was collected through structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was divided into three parts First section dealt with the queries relating to the personal details of the employees Second section dealt with the queries relating to the awareness about performance appraisal Third section dealt with queries relating to views about the present appraisal system. TOOLS FOR ANALYSIS: The primary data for the study was collected through structured questionnaire and has been analyzed using percentages and represented by pie charts and bar diagrams are used wherever necessary. Mean score value has also been used. 1) Score value = No. of respondents*score Mean score value = score value/No. of respondents 2) Percentage value = no of respondents/total no of respondent*100 CHI-SUARE [X2] TEST: X2 test is based on the Chi- Square distribution and it is a parametric test. It is used for comparing a sample variance to a theoretical population variance. In a non- parametric test, no assumption about the parameters of the population is made. These tests have become very popular because, they can be applied in any type of distribution, they are easy to compute and they can be used in situations when parametric test cannot be applied. Conditions to be satisfied for applying chi-square test Data should have been collected at random. Items constituting the sample should be independent. The total number of items should be at least 50. From the chart above it is understood that most of the employees in textile industry fall under the category of the age group between 46-55 years and also most of the employees are from the under graduate background. TABLE INDICATING THE YEARS OF SERVICE AND THE INCOME OF EMPLOYEES: From the chart above it is clearly understood that the workers with more than 10 years of experience only earning a return of Rs. 8001 and more. The employees with more years of service are expected to perform well as they have very good experience in their work. FACTORS INFLUENCING PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL The ranking of factors given by the respondents show that behavior with peers, dependability, behavior and attitude towards superiors, initiative, and attendance were ranked very high. They felt those factors have to be given higher weightages in the appraisal form. There are respondents who have ranked quality of work and cooperation on lower side. There were respondents who felt that all the factors in the appraisal system should be given equal weightage and there was no meaning in awarding high weightages to few factors. OPINION ABOUT THE PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL RATING The above table clearly shows that opportunities to increase job satisfaction, need of appraisal for employee, encouragement by raters and knowledge about the appraisal system, are high for employees. Assistance by organization, monetary reward unbiased assessment and satisfaction with the present system were rated average. This may be due to reasons like the employees are not given feedback about their performance since it is maintained confidentially. But the need of appraisal, knowledge about system, encouragement and opportunities to employees were rated high because they want to know about their work performance. CHI-SQUARE ANALYSIS GENDER AND YEARS OF SERVICE TEST STATISTIC: Null hypothesis (Ho): There is no significant relationship between gender and years of service. Alternative hypothesis (H1): There is a close relationship between gender and years of service. RESULT: The result that the calculated value is less than the tabulated value, we accept the null hypothesis. Therefore, there is no significant difference between the gender and years of service. MARITAL STATUS AND MONTHLY INCOME (in Rs) TEST STATISTIC RESULT: The result that the calculated value is more than the tabulated value, we reject the null hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis. Therefore there is a significant difference between the marital status and monthly income. CONCLUDING OBSERVATIONS: From the study it if found out that, most of the respondents feel that the appraisal system creates confidence and hence increase the production level of the employees which in turn will increase their income in one hand. Many employees in the textile industry are not aware of the errors that is caused by performance appraisal like halo effect, horns effect, central tendency and leniency. Majority of them have no idea about errors and its types in the appraisal system. Good training can help improve the appraisal system to prevent errors while rating. Raters are expected to observe the performance in order to judge ones effectiveness and skill in the work condition. Also the superior should avoid bias in appraising their subordinates. The system could be made open to a possible extent and discussions could be encouraged. The employees can come to know about their performance appraisal, how are they rated and what other improvements they can do to their performance. The organization m ight take up steps to arrange discussions and make the employee aware of how he is getting along and what improvements he needs, where and how he can best utilize his capabilities and skills. Most traditional methods emphasize either the task or the personality of the individual while making an appraisal. In such evaluations, bias always prevails. To bring about a balance the evaluation of task and personality and the modern methods of appraisal by results of MBO can be used. Performance appraisal motivates employees and influences their productivity and ensures that they are producing at acceptable levels. Performance evaluation system could be linked to company objectives to get better results and good performance of the employees. Effectiveness of any appraisal system depends on how all the users of the system understand the purposes, accept and strive for achieving them. For designing any system, employee and managerial performance should be taken into consideration. From the study, it is found that feedback to the employees is not proper in the organization. Periodical and routine feedback can be given to the employees for their good performance in the work, which motivates the employee to enrich the relationship between the superiors and subordinates.

Human learning and survival Essay

There is a common belief that the ability to learn is what makes human survival possible. I believe that survival is not based solely on learning. Human survival especially in times of vast environmental change is the result of a combination of learning, logic, reasoning and subsequent application of knowledge. The thing that sets humankind apart from other living things is intellect, which according to the dictionary is the ability to learn and reason. Learning is simply the ability of animals (humans included) to acquire and retain new information. Whenever we try to learn a new dance step, learn a new language or simply remember the names of people we meet, we in fact use our learning faculties. So do animals when they figure out that scrounging around in garbage cans can reward them with food. Darwinian theory proposes the idea of evolution wherein living things adjust biologically, mentally and physiologically to environmental conditions and demands. When the concept of â€Å"survival of the fittest† and natural selection is discussed, it pertains to animals that are not just physically fit but mentally as well (Arrizza). In fact most biologists and anthropologists support this thinking by citing the example of how humans have always depended on their wits in order to survive. More often than not, it is the more dull-witted ones who perish even before they have given birth to offspring, which probably is a good thing for succeeding generations (Thorndike, 1931, p. 184). It was stunningly simple. Nature does what animal breeders do, but gradually, and over longer periods of time. In a species, those individuals who are best adapted in their hereditary endowment will succeed, and survive, better than their fellows. That is the â€Å"struggle for existence. † Those successful individuals will leave more offspring, and this will move the mode, the central tendency of the species, in their direction. Following generations will continue to undergo selection for still better adaptation: running, swimming, seeing, hiding, chewing, or all together. (Howells, 1993, p. 6) Supposing this theory was correct however, it would imply that the â€Å"weak† or learning challenged humans would have been weeded out a long time ago. The thing is that in today’s times, learning challenged humans still exist and even thrive. There are some quarters that may opine that intelligence and the development of skill are products of mental evolution. Evolution refers to progress to something more functional, advanced and suited to the current environment (â€Å"Human Evolution†). The fashioning and use of primitive tools are just a few hallmarks of how human intelligence has evolved and applied â€Å"learning† into something that helped their survival. For all practical purposes, learning is often seen as an attempt to create a memory or store information that lasts as it is invariably linked with memory. Dr. Eric R. Kandle, vice chairman of the Dana Alliance for Brain Initiatives sums it as: â€Å"Learning is how you acquire new information about the world, and memory is how you store that information over time† (â€Å"What is learning†) Simply put, it is just the accumulation of facts and information. At this point it is important to point out the difference between learning and memory. Kandle points out that not all learning can get stored into long term memory. Such is the case of things a person learned in school. Unless these lessons are used in day to day life, many will have trouble remembering them some years after. Kandle adds that â€Å"There is no memory without learning, but there is learning without memory. † (â€Å"What is learning†) True learning cannot exist without memory but Thorndike (1911) scorns the idea that human learning is the same as real human intellect. He states that learning alone does not include the more complex processes of reasoning or inference. No real thought is given to the relationship and causality of things, neither is there an appreciation of the progress the application of learning is causing. He further posits that learning is based solely on factors that are present in the environment. It is human intellect that makes it possible for humans to think and develop further learning â€Å"outside the box’ or beyond what are present in his environment. Rychlak (1994) supports this contention with his own theory of â€Å"Logic Learning. † Rychlak believes that learning is an inherent quality in both humans and animals alike. Humans however possess the power and capability of logic that enables them to make sense and assign purpose and function to information that is learned. (p. 35) Learning is not limited to humans. Every living organism has the capability to â€Å"learn. † It has been proven that animals including dogs, cats and even bees have information and skill acquiring capabilities. While most animal characteristics are arguably innate or instinctive like a newborn baby or puppy’s nipple searching and sucking reflex, many later skills are learned. What sets people apart is rather not limited to the capacity to learn and store information but rather in the processing of this information afterwards and figuring out what to do with it. Animal learning is mostly based on impulses and instinct. There are three different ways by which organisms learn: â€Å"by trial and error, by observation and imitation, and by instruction. † (Campbell, 1998, p. 39) Trial and error is by far the most common method of learning among living organisms. An example of this is when a mouse tries to figure its way out of a puzzle by trying out first one path, then another until it hits upon the correct path to follow. Observation and imitation is illustrated by how the young of animals and humans alike acquire learning by watching and imitating the actions of their parents. This is most commonly the basis of the development of behavioral patterns and actions. Finally, and what is arguably the method unique to humans is the method of instruction through language. Why is it unique? Instruction needs conscious thought and full intention of teaching. What is more is that instruction is a big factor in the propagation of a culture yet the topics and methods of instruction are also largely dependent on culture (p. 40). Language is also another important and distinctive part of both human culture, instruction and in effect, human learning (Alland, 1973, p. 209). Using language in instruction speeds up the learning process thereby allowing for more potential information to be learned and assimilated. Instructions and responses are direct and accurate. In the same way, a shared language serves both as a unifying element of culture and â€Å"shared experience† between individuals. Learning and Adaptation Enough mention has been made of adaptation with regard to human survival†¦what is adaptation? Adaptation is lexically defined as an adjustment to conditions present within an environment or a reaction to a persistent and present stimulus. It allows an organism to â€Å"adapt† or change components or behaviors within itself to match the demands of its environment. Survival is an organism’s ability to exist and propagate in relation to its surroundings and environments. Is learning the key to adaptation and in effect human survival? No. But it is one of the fundamental and major contributors to it. Like most living organisms, humans have physical limitations that are challenged by natural elements and processes such as climate, hunger and other environmental conditions. Unlike other animals however, humans are relatively less sensitive and attuned to environmental changes (Piantadosi, 2003, p. 1). It is at this point that the human ability to learn, reason and compare their living conditions and determine problems that may exist and threaten their survival. Like people in modern days, primitive men had their environment with its own accompanying problems. If modern people today are challenged by more high tech issues like traffic, work, and finances, our primitive ancestors had to figure out ways of keeping warm in the winter and putting food on the table (or rock). There were challenges in how to hunt and capture prey effectively as well as make sure that they do not become prey to carnivorous predators of their time. From plain materials and tools fashioned with flint and animal bone, primitive humans graduated to working with copper which was more malleable yet as tough as stone, and then to the much stronger bronze which was formed by melting copper with tin and finally, iron (Hartman, 1996). Supporters of learning as the keystone of survival wold point this out as a way by which learning improved human existence. But basing on definitions alone, learning meant that they simply realized that stone is not so easy to work with, copper is malleable but pretty weak, and bronze and iron are harder metals. It is logic and reasoning that made it possible for them to realize that 1. ) there are problems with the materials they are using, 2. ) they need to find a better solution to their requirements, hence the search and formulation of copper and bronze. Without logic and reasoning people then would have simply stopped at knowing. One may look at this the same way as the differentiation between science and technology. Science is that wide and impressive body of knowledge which will remain meaningless unless applied and utilized in technology.

Examination of the Literature Review Essay

I selected Guidetti and Tham’s (2002) paper because I am fascinated by the work of occupational therapists. They are tasked, by the nature of their profession, to assist people with impairments or disabilities in achieving competence in their daily activities and consequently, they empower these individuals to grab hold of their limitations and transform them in a fashion that nurtures their sense of control and brings peace of mind to their loved ones who lives with them. The paper sought to elucidate the strategies utilized by occupational therapists in their self-care intervention process with neurologically-impaired clients, specifically those who had had stroke or spinal cord injury. The study tapped the qualitative research design. Specifically, it employed a modified phenomenology approach called EPP (empirical, phenomenological, psychological) method in generating and analyzing the data. The purpose of EPP method is â€Å"to describe the essence, structure and character of the studied phenomenon† (Guidetti & Tham, 2002, p. 260). Although it informs the research question, the literature review (as well as the reference list) is not sufficient to build a platform for the â€Å"need to provide a definition and description of the concept of self-training and the typical therapeutic strategies used by therapists† (Guidetti & Tham, 2002, p. 258). It lacks relevant scientific texts. It is understandable that there is no existing study on the subject, but there is more scientific information in the literature about the therapeutic strategies in adjacent fields which could add valuable background to the introductory problem identification as well as to the incisive discussion of the results later on. In the introduction section, the scholars presented the important variables of the research question finely (i. e. , meaning of self-care, therapeutic strategies), but failed to include a review of empirical literature, simply stating that â€Å"there is a lack of empirical studies identifying the therapeutic strategies in self-care training† (Guidetti & Tham, 2002, p. 258). Although the statement may be correct, there are still many relevant studies worth reviewing that would guide the inquiry. It may not necessarily be those on self-care therapeutic strategies utilized by occupational therapist with persons who have neurological disorders, but also those studies on strategies used by the same professionals on rehabilitating persons with orthopedic injuries, lymphedema or amputees which do not specifically addressed the phenomenon, but may have implications for the study. In addition, the physical therapy literature on similar issues could also add important insights. A look at the reference list of the article reveals that it is limited in three ways. First, five of the papers in this list were written by either one of the same two authors, in collaboration with other scholars. Second, there are only three occupational therapy journals where they garnered articles for the review (i. e. , Occupational Therapy International, American Journal of Occupational Therapy, and Clinical Rehabilitation). Finally, the doctoral dissertations/theses reviewed in the paper came only from Sweden. This is not ideal especially in a journal with international circulation. The authors could have scoured articles from other journals of similar discipline that are available like British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Journal of Occupational Science, OT Practice, International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation, Journal of Integrated Care, etc. Further, they could have utilized the abstracts available in the Dissertation Abstracts International to offset the Swedish-focused dissertation reviews in the study. In qualitative studies, an in-depth, exploratory literature review is vital to discover what currently exists in the body of knowledge about the concerned phenomenon (Taylor & Bogdan, 1998). Thus, the article’s literature review and reference list in this regard only supported halfway the research question. Much could have been done. References Guidetti, S. , & Tham, K. (2002). Therapeutic strategies used by occupational therapists in self-care training: A qualitative study. Occupational Therapy International, 9(4), 257-276. Taylor, S. J. , & Bogdan, R. (1998). Introduction to qualitative research methods (3rd ed. ). New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Hispanic American Diversity Essay examples - 1121 Words

In America today, we are faced with several different minority groups arriving to the United States. The most common of all minority groups are the Hispanics. America is known for their language being English, but as the years approach, that language has faded and a new face in English language has taken over, its called Spanish. We as the people of America have become controversial over this major change, and due to that major bilingualism and political movements that have occurred from the government to the education departments. In this paper, I am going to talk about the four most common Hispanic groups in our country today and the political, social, linguistic, economic, religious, and familial conventions and/or statuses that they†¦show more content†¦Puerto Ricans are another major Hispanic group that has also arrived to the U.S and brought less work for Americans. Puerto Ricans current association with the United States, like that of the Mexican people, began as the result of the outcome of a war. The island of Borinquen, subsequently called Puerto Rico, was claimed by Spain in 1493. The native inhabitants, the Taino Indians, were significantly reduced in number by conquest, slavery, and genocide. (Schaefer, R. 2006, p.266). After Puerto Rico had been ruled by Spain for four centuries, the island was seized by the United States in 1808 during the Spanish-American War. The value of Puerto Rico for the United States, as it had been for Spain, was mainly its strategic location, which was advantageous for maritime trade. (Schaefer, R. 2006, p.226). The most significant difference between the meaning of race in Puerto Rico and on the mainland is that Puerto Rico, like so many otherShow MoreRelatedHispanic American Diversity1211 Words   |  5 Pagesamong American’s is that all Hispanics are alike. They have the same cultural backgrounds and speak the same language. This could not be further from the truth. In actuality there is great diversi ty among different Latin ethnic groups. Hispanic Americans, Puerto Ricans, Cubans, and Columbians all have different cultural and historic back grounds that identify them as separate ethnic groups. Hispanic Americans are Americans of Spanish-speaking descent. Many Hispanic Americans are the descendants of MexicanRead More Hispanic American Diversity Essay1207 Words   |  5 PagesHispanic American Diversity Hispanic groups of all origins have a profound interest when relocating to the United States. Hispanic groups such as Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans, Cuban Americans and Central and South Americans share the same common interest of prosperity and a future for their families. Language of these groups is commonly Spanish speaking and they relish with religion of the Roman Catholics and Protestant faith. The United States Census Bureau shows different percentagesRead More Hispanic American Diversity Essay1324 Words   |  6 PagesSummary The purpose of this paper is to discuss the culture and beliefs of four Hispanic groups. The groups I have chosen to cover are: Puerto Rican, Mexican, Dominican and Cuban. Included in the paper will be each group’s linguistic, social, economical, political, familial and religious ties or beliefs. Hispanic American Diversity Puerto Rican Puerto Rico’s linguistic background is strongly defined by Spanish and English. Most Puerto Ricans speak both languages fluently and use bothRead MoreHispanic American Diversity Paper1544 Words   |  7 PagesHispanic American Diversity Paper Introduction The United States is known as the melting pot because of the many different cultures that live here. Hispanics make up 35.3 million according to the 2000 census. Many people don’t realize that within the Hispanic culture there are many different groups. The different groups have different linguistic, political, social, economic, religion, and statues. Most Hispanics see themselves in terms of their individual ethnic identity, as Mexican AmericanRead MoreHispanic American Diversity1128 Words   |  5 PagesHispanic American Diversity At some point in time in your life you have heard the terms Latino or Hispanic. What was the first thing that came to your mind? There are many different types of Latinos and/or Hispanics in the United States today. In 2003, 37.4 million Latinos reside in the U.S., outnumbering 34.7 million African Americans (Ramirez and de la Cruz 2003 Racial and Ethnic Groups Chapter 9). Each of these types has similar cultures and customs, but is uniquely different. 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The development of solidarity between ethnic subgroups, as reflected in the terms Hispanic and Asian Americans is called a. symbolic ethnicity b. ethnic solidarity c. panethnicity d. ethnic paradox 2. The common heritage of Hispanics is a. culture. b. race. c. language. d. all of these 3. At the beginningRead MoreHispanics in the USA Essay1070 Words   |  5 PagesToday, the Hispanic population has grown tremendously over the years. We have watched the Hispanics community growth rate grow faster than any other racial and ethnic group in the nation. The Hispanic culture and community has populated all around the United States, introducing new traditions and customs. I was traveling to different to city in the States, I notice the wide spread growth of Hispanic communities, For Instance in Miami the Cuban and El Salvadoran culture is heavy populate in the areaRead MorePast, Present, Future: American Indians and Latino Americans1480 Words   |  6 Pageswill always act differently especially in this country with such a diverse history, and plethora of people of different backgrounds. American Indians are a group that will has an interesting set of challenges because they are a minority in the United States that did not emigrate from another country, but were essenti ally victims of American Manifest Destiny. American Indians have gone through a lot of hardship in this country and continue to struggle with modern day America as they try to uphold theirRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The All American Movie Experience 943 Words   |  4 Pages Two American cities Tulsa and Miami competed in the All-American City (AAC) Contest set by the famous director Steven Spielberg for the purpose of shooting his movie â€Å"The All-American Movie Experience† in one of these cities. Through this competition, each city committee tried to present that their city reflects the American culture more than other. Throughout my essay I will argue that Tulsa should be chosen to be the All-American city rather than Miami. This will be demonstrated by contrasting